Renewable energy sources in small-scale water pumping systems.

Johansson, Sam. Nilsson, Roy.

1985

CIENA
380

In general, a water supply system consist of a water source, a pipe system and distribution point(s). The water supply can be of the gravity type, but often a pumping unit is required and thus an energy source. Sinceno chain is stronger than its weakest link, all linkshave to be carefully designed, constructed, maintained and operated, separately as well as inpart. Water supply systems should be designed to match the demand and optimized for investment as well as operation and maintenance costs. Small systems tend to have a higher cost per unit of water produced than larger systems, consequently each system has to be carefully designed and constructed. For water pumping in rural areas, renewable energy sources such as sun, wind or water offer a competitive alternative to the traditional diesel or petrol. Pumping systems driven by renewable energy normally have a lower operation and maintenance cost than diesel powered systems but require higher investment cost. Reliability depends on the meteorological condition. Therefore a correct understanding and interpretation of meteorological data is of greatest importance when designing pumping systems. In some areas solar pumping systems are today the most competitive alternative, despite their relatively high investment cost. However, the prices of equipment tend to decrease and consequently solar pumps will find an increasing number of applications. Windmills for water pumping are a good alternative in coastal and desert areas with strong and regular winds. Some windmills can be locally constructed which normally means a lower cost.... Ver documento. RURAL WATER SUPPLY. Orientation. Water sources and water quality. Water use. Costs of Water. ENERGY SOURCES FOR WATER PUMPING. Solar energy. Windpower. Hydro power. Bioconversion. Muscular energy. PUMP TYPES. General. Useful terms and definitions. Dynamic pumps. Dsiplacement pumps. GUIDELINES FOR SYSTEM SELECTION. General. Calculation of power. Estimate of available energy and costs. Maintenance requirements. Aspects of pump selection. LITERATURE.

Presenta ilus., gráfs. y diagrs.

GENERAL; ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA; UTILIZACION DEL AGUA; COSTOS; ENERGIA SOLAR; BOMBAS; ENERGIA EOLICA; ENERGIA HIDRAULICA; BIOGAS; ENERGIA HUMANA; FUENTES DE ENERGIA;