Diagnóstico de la calidad de la energía y evaluación de las instalaciones eléctricas en la Represa Hidroeléctrica Pirrís

Araya-Porras, Esteban Josué

2017-09-04T16:08:12Z

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Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica.

Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Mantenimiento Industrial) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica, 2017.

In the installations of the dam site, of the Hydroelectrical Power Plant Pirrís, the occurrence of events and equipment fails, as control and monitoring systems errors, speed drives and transformer fails, that can be related to power quality problems, bring de idea to develop a study in the theme, which help the decision making and allows to execute improvement actions to rise the reliability and security of the system. This study was made in two parts, the firs focused in the evaluation of the power quality of the electrical supply, through the AR-NT-SUCAL-2015 national normative, where were found values of flicker, harmonic current and voltages, out of the limits. The second part, focused to evaluate the power quality inside the installations, identifying the equipment that introduce distortions to the energy in the electrical network and after that measuring the magnitude of this distortions; for that, recommendations of the AR-NT-SUCAL-2015, IEEE 1159-2009 and IEE 519-1992 were taken. To search the causes of the failures and events, the actualization of the single line diagram was done and during the pickup of the information like motors nameplate, conductor gauges, protections and contactors, there were detected loose connections and deficient grounding, findings that reduce the power quality that the equipment receives. The information of the one line diagrams is being used for a simulation to coordinate protections by the Specialized Maintenance Department of the Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad. It has been made a measurement of the grounding resistance, based in the work instructive shown in the Anexo 9, in 35 different points of the grounding, and during the measurement, 27 points that hasn’t been included were proposed. There were detected loose connections and with resistance values over the design indications values, those will be corrected in June, 2017. xxv The billing history shows up penalty fee records for low power factor from three years ago. With this information, solutions to improve the power factor (FP>0,9) and that correct the high generations of harmonic currents are proposed, so that the operation fits into the values indicated in the national normative of ARESEP. At the end, an economic analysis of the project is presented, the realization costs and the deliverables values.

Energía; Armónicos; Factor de potencia; Filtro activo; Filtro electrónico analógico; Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Industrial engineering and economy; Calidad;