“Diseño de una planta generadora de electricidad a partir de vapor”

Ureña Chaves, Jorge Esteban

2007

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Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica. Universidad Técnica de Praga.

Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Mantenimiento Industrial) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica, 2007.

In the last years, worldwide the electrical consumption rate had suffered a huge raise and that is why is important to find different methods to generate electricity. One of those is the thermal energy. This kind of energy is used in Costa Rica primarily as geothermic energy (from Miravalles volcano); but in peak hours it is necessary to use thermal energy from the burn of the diesel. In countries like Czech Republic, in which the natural resources are not as huge as in our country (rivers, volcanoes, etc.) it is necessary to use a lot of thermal energy to fulfil all the electrical needs; thus this project is about the design of a steam power plant and all its units. For this purpose is necessary to obtain the thermodynamic properties for each ones of the plant’s states, later on the fraction of steam extracted from the turbine each time is obtained and the thermal efficiency of the cycle is calculated. With those data, it is possible to design the heat exchangers, to determine fuel and air consumption rates of the power plant, and analyze the essential units of the power plant using the second law of thermodynamics to know the quality of the energy. An important result is that all the data obtained are in between the normal ranks that mean that the power plant efficiency is good enough and making the economical studies could be a good business.

Termodinámica; Ciclo; Condensación; Calor; Temperatura; Combustibles; Aire;