Adaptación de la técnica de Microinjertación in vitro de ápices caulinares, de Valencia y Pineapple utilizando patrones de Carrizo (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. x Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) y Citrumelo (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. x Citrus paradisi Macf.)

Cortés-Paniagua, Ronny

2015-04-07T17:14:06Z

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Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología.

Proyecto de Graduación (Bachillerato en Ingeniería en Biotecnología). Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Biología, 2004.

Shoot-tip grafting consists in growth of shoot tip onto decapited seedlings obtained from seeds. The successful of this procedure is produced because of the cellular multiplication is faster than virus multiplication. In this work, several parameters to improve the caulinar apex shoot-tip grafting technique of Valencia and Pineapple onto Carrizo and Citrumelo seedlings have been studied. The objective of this research was to improve the protocols of preparation of the rootstock, preparation of the shoot-tips and the culture under glasshouse conditions. The rootstocks were obtained from seeds, decoated and sterilized with sodium hypochlorite, individually cultured in darkness. The source of shoot tips was the flush from defoliated branches of field trees. The shoot-tip was inserted into an inverted-T made at the top of the decapited rootstock epicotyl. The grafted plants were allowed to develop in vitro under 24 hr daily exposure to illumination and were provided with a nutrient solution containing a high concentration (7,5 %) of sucrose. Grafted planted were transplantable to soil from 4 to 6 weeks after grafting and carried to glasshouse. It has been demonstrated that the successful on preparation of the rootstocks is related with sodium hypochlorite solution concentration, with number of people decoating seeds and time remaining after decoating and before sterilization. It has been established one protocol to obtain high frequencies of successful on preparation of the rootstocks. It was observed that the source of shoot tips used in this research wasn’t the better one, because of the trees are influenced by weather conditions. The culture of grafted plants under glasshouse conditions was successful when the plants were cultured under climatic conditions of windless, indirectly sun and high temperature.

Microbiología; Semillas; Desinfección; Equilibrio; Optimización; Germinación;