Rediseño del sistema de evacuación de aguas y maximización de la cosecha de aguas, en la empresa Plantas y Flores Ornamentales C.A.B.H.S.A, Llano Grande, Cartago.

Varela-Briceño, Esteban

2015-04-17T22:14:05Z

Descargar documento

Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería Agrícola, Empresa Plantas y Flores Ornamentales C.A.B.H S.A.

This project was developed in the company Plantas y Flores Ornamentales C.A.B.H. S.A., located in Llano Grande, Cartago, which specialized in growing and marketing of flowers. There were studied two different problems, one of them, risk of flooding and the second related to a water harvesting. First, the flooding problem lies in water supply from lands near the farm and the evacuation system excesses of reservoir 34. This problem, affects 6,644 m2 of land. In addition, in the surrounding areas, there is a hypothesis that contaminated water with fungi and nematodes is entering the reservoir and spreading through the irrigation system to the crop. A hydrological and a topographic study was performed to understand the excess discharge in the channel. It was evidenced that the channel does not have the qualifications required for the evacuation of the excess of discharge and an adequate redesign of some channel sections were necessary to obtain a proper excess evacuation from the reservoir. In addition, with blocking water from near lands, with a guard channel, this problem is solved. Moreover, in water harvesting, rain is collected in reservoirs for later use in irrigation. The problem is that 40% of the total collection area is wasted because it is not directed to a reservoir. This situation has repercussions on the unavailability of water for irrigation and spraying crops. With this, it was determined, harvested areas and not collected, of the total available. In addition, a study of probability of precipitation, for monthly water availability. So, water harvesting was maximized, through the design of works, which improve the collection area for reservoir and give 96% of the crop area rainwater collection.

Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agrícola) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ingeniería Agrícola, 2013.

Enfermedades de los cultivos; Hidrología; Ciclo; Inundación; Agua de lluvia; Drenaje;